Kinetic Studies on the 2-Oxoglutarate/Fe(II)-Dependent Nucleic Acid Modifying Enzymes from the AlkB and TET Families

Nucleic acid methylations are important genetic and epigenetic biomarkers. The formation removal of these markers is related to either methylation or demethylation. In this review, we focus on the demethylation oxidative modification that mediated by 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)/Fe(II)-dependent AlkB/TET family enzymes. catalytic process, most enzymes oxidize 2-OG succinate, in meantime oxidizing methyl hydroxymethyl, leaving formaldehyde generating demethylated base. AlkB enzyme from Escherichia coli has nine human homologs (ALKBH1-8 FTO) TET includes three members, TET1 3. Among them, some have been carefully studied, but for certain enzymes, few studies carried out. This review focuses kinetic properties those 2-OG/Fe(II)-dependent their alkyl substrates. We also provide discussions future directions field.